Comparative analysis of microbial communities in different growth stages of Dermacentor nuttalli.

Ticks were identified as arthropods that are pathogenic vectors. Dermacentor nuttalli is one of the dominant tick species in Inner Mongolia, and it carries and transmits a wide range of pathogenic microorganisms. However, at present, only the detection of D. nuttalli adult ticks and D. nuttalli different developmental stages carrying one specific pathogen, or the next-generation sequencing of D. nuttalli adult ticks were available. In this study, we investigated the microbial community structures of D. nuttalli in different growth stages under laboratory artificial feeding conditions. Total DNA was extracted from seven growth stages (female adult ticks, eggs, larval ticks, engorged larval ticks, nymphal ticks, engorged nymphal ticks, and second-generation adult ticks) obtained from laboratory artificial feeding of engorged D. nuttalli female ticks in Inner Mongolia. Then, the 16S rDNA V3-V4 hypervariable region was amplified to construct an Illumina PE250 library. Finally, 16S rRNA sequencing was performed on Illumina Novaseq 6000 platform. The sequencing data were analyzed using molecular biology software and platforms. The Illumina PE250 sequencing results showed that the egg stage had the highest diversity and number of species (28.74%, 98/341), while the engorged nymph stage had the lowest diversity and number of species (9.72%, 21/216). A total of 387 genera of 22 phyla were annotated in D. nuttalli, with 9 phyla and 57 genera found throughout all 7 growth stages. The dominant phylum was Proteobacteria; the dominant genera were Arsenophonus and Rickettsia; and the genera with the highest relative abundance in the 7 growth stages were Pseudomonas, Paenalcaligenes, Arsenophonus, Arsenophonus, Pseudomonas, Arsenophonus, and Rickettsia, respectively. Among the 23 exact species annotated, Brucella melitensis exhibits pathogeny that poses a serious threat to humans and animals. In this study, the microbial community composition at different growth stages of D. nuttalli was comprehensively analyzed for the first time.

[Identification of A Case of DEL Blood Group with DAT Positive Phenotype and Pedigree Analysis].

OBJECTIVE: To identify the blood group of a patient with DEL phenotype combined with positive direct anti-human globulin test and to analyze the pedigree. METHODS: Routine serological reagents were used for serological analysis of RhD blood group in the pedigree members. Exons and flanking sequences of RHD gene were amplified, sequenced and analyzed for heterozygosity. The familial genetic state of DEL phenotype was further analyze in the family members. RESULTS: The DAT was strongly positive in the proband. The 1227G>A allele (RHD*DEL1) was present in the exon 9 of RHD gene, and the mother was the carrier of RHD*DEL1. The proband was identified as RHD+/RHD-, suggesting the CD1227Ae/Cde haplotype. CONCLUSION: The proband is DEL phenotype (RHD*DEL1).